What's the difference between a 'presumptive case' and 'confirmed case?' [Free read] - Port City Daily

A map showing where cases of Covid-19 have been located in North Carolina. (Port City Daily/Courtesy NCDHHS)

NORTH CAROLINA — There is a lot of technical jargon surrounding the new coronavirus and its subsequent illness Covid-19. From things like presumptive positives to the name of the virus itself there is plenty of room for confusion.

Let’s start with the basics, what exactly is the new coronavirus and Covid-19?

“Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a disease caused by the newly emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2,” according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

It is referred to as the new coronavirus, COVID-19, Covid-19, and SARS-CoV-2, and a novel coronavirus across many different media platforms but each one is referring to the same thing.

“On February 11, 2020 the World Health Organization announced an official name for the disease that is causing the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak, first identified in Wuhan China. The new name of this disease is coronavirus disease 2019, abbreviated as COVID-19. In COVID-19, ‘CO’ stands for ‘corona,’ ‘VI’ for ‘virus,’ and ‘D’ for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as “2019 novel coronavirus” or “2019-nCoV,”’ according to the CDC.

As most people are aware, testing for the disease has proven difficult across the country and test kits are in short supply. The CDC has a few classifications for those with the disease or suspected of carrying it.

First, there are persons under investigation. These are people who have not yet been tested for Covid-19 but are suspected of having it. Next, there are presumptive positive cases, and finally, confirmed positive cases.

The CDC releases the number of cases in the US each Monday and Friday. (Port City Daily/Courtesy CDC)

“To assist our partners, CDC has developed a form that provides a standardized approach to reporting PUIs, presumptive positive cases (individuals with at least one respiratory specimen that tested positive for the virus that causes COVID-19 at a state or local laboratory) and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases (individuals with at least one respiratory specimen that tested positive for the virus that causes COVID-19 at a CDC laboratory). These data are needed to track the impact of the outbreak and inform public health response,” according to the CDC.

Essentially, a ‘presumptive positive’ means someone has tested positive for the virus at a local or state level, but it has not yet been confirmed by the CDC. For public health reasons, state agencies are acting on positive local tests and don’t expect the CDC to overturn initial findings in most cases.

In North Carolina, there have been 33 cases as of Monday and zero deaths, according to the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services.

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What's the difference between a 'presumptive case' and 'confirmed case?' [Free read] - Port City Daily
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